| ACROSS
1. An organization of countries formed in 1961 to agree on a common policy for the sale of petroleum.
5. The syllable naming the fourth (subdominant) note of the diatonic scale in solmization.
7. (heraldry) An ordinary consisting of a broad horizontal band across a shield.
11. An informal term for a father.
12. A silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite.
13. A collection of objects laid on top of each other.
14. A translucent mineral consisting of hydrated silica of variable color.
15. A white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light.
16. An inflammatory disease involving the sebaceous glands of the skin.
17. Having branches.
20. A radioactive element of the actinide series.
21. Having undesirable or negative qualities.
22. A plant hormone promoting elongation of stems and roots.
25. A small cake leavened with yeast.
29. A loose sleeveless outer garment made from aba cloth.
32. A Russian prison camp for political prisoners.
37. (informal) Being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition.
39. Large brownish-green New Zealand parrot.
40. Open-heart surgery in which the rib cage is opened and a section of a blood vessel is grafted from the aorta to the coronary artery to bypass the blocked section of the coronary artery and improve the blood supply to the heart.
41. A nucleic acid consisting of large molecules shaped like a double helix.
43. Title for a civil or military leader (especially in Turkey).
46. Relating to or characteristic of or occurring on the sea or ships.
47. (Irish) Mother of the Tuatha De Danann.
49. The sense organ for hearing and equilibrium.
50. Any of various trees of the genus Ulmus.
51. (trademark) A tinned luncheon meat made largely from pork.
52. A nucleic acid that transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm.
53. A unit of length of thread or yarn.
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DOWN
1. Any property detected by the olfactory system.
2. An informal term for a father.
3. Mild yellow Dutch cheese made in balls.
4. West Indian tree having racemes of fragrant white flowers and yielding a durable timber and resinous juice.
5. Having a face or facing especially of a specified kind or number.
6. A flat wing-shaped process or winglike part of an organism.
7. The federal agency that insures residential mortgages.
8. An international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members.
9. The capital and largest city of Yemen.
10. A detailed description of design criteria for a piece of work.
18. A hard gray lustrous metallic element that is highly corrosion-resistant.
19. Portuguese explorer who in 1488 was the first European to get round the Cape of Good Hope (thus establishing a sea route from the Atlantic to Asia) (1450-1500).
23. Title for a civil or military leader (especially in Turkey).
24. A colorless and odorless inert gas.
26. The blood group whose red cells carry both the A and B antigens.
27. A flexible container with a single opening.
28. An angular shape characterized by sharp turns in alternating directions.
30. Humble request for help.
31. (South African) A camp defended by a circular formation of wagons.
33. A monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles.
34. A city in northwestern Switzerland.
35. A poplar that is widely cultivated in the United States.
36. Small terrestrial lizard of warm regions of the Old World.
38. Strike sharply.
39. A barrier constructed to contain the flow or water or to keep out the sea.
42. (Irish) Mother of the ancient Irish gods.
43. A workplace for the conduct of scientific research.
44. Imperial dynasty that ruled China (most of the time) from 206 BC to 221 and expanded its boundaries and developed its bureaucracy.
45. A constellation in the southern hemisphere near Telescopium and Norma.
48. Before noon.
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